Grammar quick reference
A few rules that come up again and again in the tests.
for vs since
for + a length of time (for two hours, for six years).
since + a starting point (since 2015, since Monday).
fewer vs less
fewer with countable nouns (fewer chairs, fewer mistakes).
less with uncountable nouns (less water, less time).
Prepositions of time and place
| Preposition | Used for | Examples |
| at | clock times, precise points | at 7 o'clock, at noon, at the door |
| on | days and dates, surfaces | on Monday, on 3 June, on the table |
| in | months, years, longer periods, enclosed areas | in July, in 2024, in the garden |
| by | deadlines and method | by Friday, by train |
Subject-verb agreement traps
- Words like news, information, advice look plural but are singular:
the news is good.
- Each / every one / neither take a singular verb:
each of them has.
- With either … or / neither … nor, the verb agrees with the subject
nearest to it: neither Tom nor his brothers are coming.